#ausmacadamias

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Best Practice Bee Management in Macadamia

2020 | Bright J | Fact Sheet

Bees (honey and native) and other insects play a critical role in pollinating macadamias. Inadequate pollination results in poor nut set and lower crop yields. It is important to have bees and other insect pollinators in the orchard at flowering to ensure successful pollination and setting up the crop potential for the season to come.

Disease risk assessment guide for macadamia flower blights

2022 | Akinsanmi F | Manual/guide

Flower blights refer to a number of pathogens which can cause significant damage to macadamia flowering. To assist with monitoring and management it is essential to understand the different blights and the conditions in which they are present. As part of the Integrated Disease Management Program for Macadamia, led by the University of Queensland, a risk assessment tool has been developed. This includes visual signs, flower stage susceptibility and importantly temperature and humidity ranges in which each disease proliferates.

The A-Z of Macadamia Flowering (July 2022 MacGroup)

2022 | Kojetin L | Presentation

At the July 2022 MacGroups, Industry Development Manager Leoni Kojetin presented information on how to maximise flowering and convert it into high quality nuts. This includes understanding the stages of flowering and factors that influence flower initiation, growth and development into nuts, as well as key inputs required for healthy flowers and nut set.

Managing Flowering (July 2022 MacGroup)

2022 | Griffin K | Presentation

Risks to flowering and what can you do to protect your flowers? Can you manage pollination effectiveness and out of season flowering? What does the future look like? Project Support Officer Karina Griffin discussed these questions and more in her July 2022 MacGroup presentation.

Pollination agreements

2022 | Anon | Manual/guide

To avoid misunderstandings between growers and beekeepers, written, signed pollination agreements may be used to specify the conditions which protect the interests of both parties.

Growers guide: Supporting Stingless Bees for pollination of macadamia

2022 | Wilson R, Wallace H | Manual/guide

Stingless bees are excellent pollinators of macadamia and will forage heavily on macadamia when it is in flower. However stingless bee hives that are left on-farm year round may starve if they do not have access to other food sources when macadamia is not flowering. This guide identifies pollen food sources for stingless bees year-round. We identified major plant sources in the pollen pots of 57 Tetragonula carbonaria colonies over 2 years in orchards and forests in southeast Queensland.

Novel technologies and practices for the optimisation of pollination within protected cropping environments (ST19000)

2021 | Hort Innovation | Research report/Update

Using a multifaceted approach, this program will focus on the productivity and quality of pollination in protected cropping environments. The aim is to understand the current impediments to adequate pollination, then improve these systems through the use of advanced technology.

Cross pollination for macadamias (August 2021 MacGroups)

2021 | Australian Macadamia Society | Video

The first of our series of online MacGroup videos is out now! Professor Stephen Trueman (Griffith University) poses the question: how important is cross-pollination for macadamia? Stephen shares results and insights from recent macadamia orchard research.

Pollination (Updated June 2022)

2022 | Australian Macadamia Society, Trueman S, Wallace H | Fact Sheet

Pollination by agents such as insects underpins production in many crops, including macadamias. Ensuring efficient and effective pollination is one way that growers can increase nut yield in orchards.

The latest results are in: Whole-tree yields can be increased with better cross-pollination

2019 | Trueman S, Kamper W, Nichols J, Hosseini Bai S, Ogbourne S | Research report/Update

The update describes follow-up research to identify whether macadamia yields can be increased by better cross-pollination. This research at Sandy Creek near Bundaberg compared yields from blocks that contained single varieties - 816 and Daddow - where trees in the middle of the blocks were cross-pollinated as well as trees that were next to another variety. The results show that macadamias are not receiving enough cross-pollination and that closely interplanting different varieties and managing beehives to maximise cross-pollination may improve productivity.

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This website has been partly funded by Hort Innovation, using the macadamia research and development levy and contributions from the Australian Government.